?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Differential+Behavioral+Responses+to%0D%0ACocaethylene+of+Long-Evans+and%0D%0ASprague-Dawley+Rats%3A+Role+of+Serotonin&rft.creator=Horowitz%2C+Dr.+J.M.&rft.creator=Kristal%2C+Dr.+M.B.&rft.creator=Torres%2C+Dr.+G.&rft.subject=Behavioral+Neuroscience&rft.subject=Neurochemistry&rft.subject=Neuropharmacology&rft.description=Cocaethylene+is+a+neuroactive+metabolite+derived+from+the+concurrent+consumption+of+cocaine+and+ethanol.+The+effects+of+cocaethylene+on+locomotor+activity%2C+stereotypy%2C+and+rearing+in+Long-Evans+and+Sprague-Dawley+rats+were+compared.A+single+cocaine+injection+(molar+equivalent+of+60+%CE%BCmol%2Fkg+cocaethylene%2C+intraperitoneal)+elicited+a+robust+series+of+motor+output+behaviors%2C+including+locomotion%2C+stereotypy%2C+and+rearing+over+a+30-minute+testing+period+in+Long-Evans+rats.+In+contrast%2C+cocaethylene+administration%2C%0D%0Aunder+comparable+testing+conditions%2C+produced+no+significant+changes+in+locomotor+and+investigatory+behaviors.+Because+cocaethylene+has+relatively+little+impact+on+serotonin+(5-HT)+reuptake+as+opposed+to+reuptake+of+dopamine%2C+we+pretreated+Long-Evans+rats+with+fluoxetine+(10+mg%2Fkg%3B+IP)%2C+a+selective+5-HT+reuptake+inhibitor.+Fluoxetine+profoundly+augmented+cocaethylene-stimulated+behaviors+in+this+rat+phenotype.+To+examine+whether+other+rat+strains+exhibit+a+similar+response+to+cocaethylene%2C+Sprague-Dawley+rats+were+injected+(IP)+with+cocaethylene+and+their+behavior+patterns+monitored+over+a+30-minute+testing+period.+Cocaethylene+produced+marked+locomotor+and+exploratory+behaviors+in+this+strain%2C+suggesting+therefore+that+Long-Evans+and+Sprague-%0D%0ADawley+rats+differ+in+their+response+to+cocaethylene.+To+relate+these+behavioral+differences+to+possible+structural+differences+in+the+neuronal+density+of+dopaminergic+or%0D%0Aserotonergic+neurons%2C+Long-Evans+and+Sprague-Dawley+brains+were+evaluated+for+tyrosine+hydroxylase+and+5-HT+immunocytochemistry.+No+gross+morphological+differences%0D%0Ain+neuronal+architecture+or+density+were+found+in+the+ventral+tegmental+area+or+dorsal+raphe+nucleus+of+the+two+rat+phenotypes.+These+results+indicate+that+two+commonly+used+rat+strains+show+a+differential+response+to+cocaethylene+and+the+neurochemical+basis+for+this+behavioral+difference+may+be+related+to+synaptic+5-HT+bioavailability.&rft.publisher=Wiley-Liss&rft.date=1997&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F8953%2F1%2FSynapse.pdf&rft.identifier=++Horowitz%2C+Dr.+J.M.+and+Kristal%2C+Dr.+M.B.+and+Torres%2C+Dr.+G.++(1997)+Differential+Behavioral+Responses+to+Cocaethylene+of+Long-Evans+and+Sprague-Dawley+Rats%3A+Role+of+Serotonin.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F8953%2F