@misc{cogprints8255,
          volume = {5},
          number = {2},
           title = {The effect of pretreatment with plant extract, nicotine and caffeine on sleeping time induced by pentobarbitone in mice},
          author = {Noorzurani Robson and A. M. Mustafa},
            year = {2008},
         journal = {Internet Journal of Pharmacology},
        keywords = {caffeine, cytochrome, enzyme, extracts, inducer, liver, metabolizing-enzyme, nicotine, p450, plant, },
             url = {http://cogprints.org/8255/},
        abstract = {Objective: To determine the effects of plant extract, nicotine and caffeine on the activities of the liver metabolizing-enzyme induced by pentobarbitone. Materials and Method: Seven groups of mice were pretreated with high doses of sample extracts (0.4 mg/g body weight sample extract, but nicotine at 0.1 mg/g body weight) and one control group was pretreated with saline. On day 5, pentobarbitone (0.005 ml of 8 mg/ml) was administered and the sleeping time was determined. The test was repeated but at low doses (0.1 mg/g body weight sample extract, but nicotine at 0.05mg/g body weight). Results: At high doses, bitter gourd, 'tempeh', nicotine, caffeine, nicotine+bitter gourd, nicotine+'tempeh' and nicotine+caffeine induced the activities of liver metabolizing enzyme significantly compared to control. At low doses, bitter gourd, nicotine, caffeine, nicotine+bitter gourd, nicotine+'tempeh' and nicotine+caffeine induced the enzyme but 'tempeh' did not. Conclusion: The findings suggest that bitter gourd, nicotine and caffeine act as enzyme inducers, but 'tempeh' only demonstrate this ability at high dose.}
}

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