--- abstract: 'Adequate supply of fresh and clean drinking water is a basic need for all human beings. Water consumers are frequently unaware of the potential health risks associated with exposure to water borne contaminants which have often led to diseases like diarrhoea, cholera, dysentery, typhoid fever, legionnaire’s disease and parasitic diseases. The inadequacy of pipe borne water-supply in Nigeria is a growing problem; as a result people resort to buying water from vendors, and sachet or bottled water became a major source of drinking water. Although, portable and affordable, the problems of its purity and other health concerns have begun to manifest. Sachet water have been reported to contain bacteria such as Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas sp., Klebsiella sp., Streptococcus sp., and oocysts of Cryptosporidia sp. Apart from environmental contaminants, improper storage and handling by vendors also poses a serious threat to the health of the ignorant consumers. This paper tends to review the quality of these ‘pure water’; its physical examination, microbial assessments, its impacts on health, and the various strategies adopted by the concerned authorities to regulate this thriving industry.' altloc: - http://www.ojhas.org/issue36/2010-4-15.htm chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: ~ conference: ~ confloc: ~ contact_email: ~ creators_id: - omalu_icj@hotmail.com - ~ - ~ - ~ - ~ - ~ - ~ - ~ creators_name: - family: Omalu given: ICJ honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Eze given: GC honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Olayemi given: IK honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Gbesi given: S honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Adeniran given: LA honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Ayanwale given: AV honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Mohammed given: AZ honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Chukwuemeka given: V honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 2011-01-20 date_type: published datestamp: 2011-05-02 17:16:53 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/72/58 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: 0 edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: - BS Kakkilaya editors_name: - family: Kakkilaya given: Srinivas honourific: Dr lineage: '' eprint_status: archive eprintid: 7258 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/7258/1/2010%2D4%2D15.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: Pipe borne water; Vendors; Contaminants; Pure water lastmod: 2011-05-02 17:16:53 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: 4 pagerange: ~ pubdom: TRUE publication: Online Journal of Health and Allied Sciences publisher: BS Kakkilaya refereed: TRUE referencetext: "1.\tEzeugwunne IP, Agbakoba NR, Nnamah NK, Anhalu IC. The prevalence Bacteria in Packaged Sachet Water Sold in Nnewi, South East, Nigeria. World Journal of Dairy and Food Science. 2009;4(10):19-21.\r\n2.\tMustapha S, Adamu EA. Discussion on Water Problems in Nigeria : Focus on Bauchi State. National Res. Inst. 1991\r\n3.\tAjayi AA, Sridhar MKC, Adekunle LV, Oluwande PA. Quality of Packed Water Sold in Ibadan, Nigeria. African Journal of Biomedical Research. 2008;11:251-258.\r\n4.\tDada AC. Sachet Water Phenomenon in Nigeria: Assessment of the Potential Health Impacts. African Journal of Microbiology Research. 2009;3(1):15-21.\r\n5.\tGandy, M. Anti-planning and the infrastructure crisis facing metropolitan Lagos. Urban studies. 2004;43(2):371–396.\r\n6.\tConsumer Affairs Movement of Nigeria (CAMON). NAFDAC to ban-97% contaminated. Consumer Link 2007;1:1.\r\n7.\tOladipo IC, Onyenika IC, Adebiyi AO. Microbial analysis of some vended sachet water in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. African Journal of Food Science. 2009;3(12):406–412.\r\n8.\tOrisakwe OE, Igwilo IO, Afonne OJ, Maduabuchi JM, Nduka JC. Heavy metal hazards of sachet water in Nigeria. Ach. Environ. Occup. Health. 2006;61(5):209–213.\r\n9.\tEdema MO, Atayesi AO. Pure Water Syndrome: Bacteriological Quality of Sachet-Packed Drinking Water Sold in Nigeria. 2009. Available at http://bscw.ihe.nl/pub/bcwg.cgi/d2067334/Edema.pdf.\r\n10.\tEgwari LO, Iwuanyanwu S, Ojelabi CI, Uzochukwu O, Effiok WW. Bacteriology of Sachet Water Sold in Lagos, Nigeria. East African Medical Journal. 2009;82(5):235-240.\r\n11.\tNigeria Support to the Federal Ministry of Water Resources Management and Policy (NSFMOWRM). June 2006.\r\n12.\tHunter PR. Water-borne Diseases epidemiology and ecology. First Edition, John Wisley and Sons, Chichster, UK. 1997. Pp. 112.\r\n13.\tAfiukwa FN, Iroha IR, Afiukwa CA, Ayogu TE, Oji AE, Onwa NC. Presence of coliforms Producing extended spectrum beta lactamase in sachet-water sold in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State, Nigeria. International Research Journal Microbiology. 2010;1(2):32-36." relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 21 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2011-05-02 17:16:53 subjects: - OJHAS succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: 'Contamination of Sachet Water in Nigeria: Assessment and Health Impact' type: journale userid: 4338 volume: 9