?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Negative+Observations+in+Quantum+Mechanics&rft.creator=Snyder%2C+Douglas+M.&rft.subject=Cognitive+Psychology&rft.subject=Philosophy+of+Mind&rft.description=In+quantum+mechanics%2C+it+is+possible+for+a+person+to+make+observations+that+affect+physical+entities+without+there+being+a+physical+interaction+between+the+human+observer+and+the+physical+entity+measured.+Epstein+(1945)+and+Renninger+(1960)+discussed+this+situation%2C+and+Renninger+called+this+type+of+observation+a+%22negative+observation.%22+Empirical+research+on+electron+shelving+supports+the+possibility+of+negative+observations+(Bergquist%2C+Hulet%2C+Itano%2C+and+Wineland%2C+1986%3B+Nagourney%2C+Sandberg%2C+and+Dehmelt%2C+1986%3B+Sauter%2C+Neuhauser%2C+Blatt%2C+and+Toschek%2C+1986).+Two+scenarios+for+negative+observation+are+presented+in+this+paper.+The+first+is+modeled+after+the+two+hole+gedankenexperiments+of+Feynman%2C+Leighton%2C+and+Sands+(1965)+and+portrays+negative+observations+in+a+non-technical+manner.+The+second+scenario+allows+for+quantifying+the+effect+on+physical+existents+of+negative+observations+in+a+simple+fashion.+In+addition%2C+various+issues+related+to+negative+observation+are+discussed%2C+including+an+objection+that+might+be+raised.+The+Schr%C3%B6dinger+cat+gedankenexperiment+is+discussed+as+well.&rft.publisher=Tailor+Press%2C+Los+Angeles%2C+California&rft.contributor=Snyder%2C+Douglas+M.&rft.date=1995&rft.type=Book+Chapter&rft.type=NonPeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F681%2F3%2Fquantum.pdf&rft.identifier=++Snyder%2C+Douglas+M.++(1995)+Negative+Observations+in+Quantum+Mechanics.++%5BBook+Chapter%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F681%2F