?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Evidence+of+coevolution+in+multi-objective+evolutionary+algorithms&rft.creator=Whitacre%2C+Dr+James+M&rft.subject=Complexity+Theory&rft.subject=Evolution&rft.subject=Artificial+Intelligence&rft.description=This+paper+demonstrates+that+simple+yet+important+characteristics+of+coevolution+can+occur+in+evolutionary+algorithms+when+only+a+few+conditions+are+met.++We+find+that+interaction-based+fitness+measurements+such+as+fitness+(linear)+ranking+allow+for+a+form+of+coevolutionary+dynamics+that+is+observed+when+1)+changes+are+made+in+what+solutions+are+able+to+interact+during+the+ranking+process+and+2)+evolution+takes+place+in+a+multi-objective+environment.+This+research+contributes+to+the+study+of+simulated+evolution+in+a+at+least+two+ways.++First%2C+it+establishes+a+broader+relationship+between+coevolution+and+multi-objective+optimization+than+has+been+previously+considered+in+the+literature.++Second%2C+it+demonstrates+that+the+preconditions+for+coevolutionary+behavior+are+weaker+than+previously+thought.++In+particular%2C+our+model+indicates+that+direct+cooperation+or+competition+between+species+is+not+required+for+coevolution+to+take+place.++Moreover%2C+our+experiments+provide+evidence+that+environmental+perturbations+can+drive+coevolutionary+processes%3B+a+conclusion+that+mirrors+arguments+put+forth+in+dual+phase+evolution+theory.+In+the+discussion%2C+we+briefly+consider+how+our+results+may+shed+light+onto+this+and+other+recent+theories+of+evolution.+&rft.date=2009-07-13&rft.type=Conference+Paper&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F6573%2F1%2FDual_Phase_GEM.pdf&rft.identifier=++Whitacre%2C+Dr+James+M++(2009)+Evidence+of+coevolution+in+multi-objective+evolutionary+algorithms.++%5BConference+Paper%5D++++(In+Press)++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F6573%2F