?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Amniotic-Fluid+Ingestion+Enhances%0D%0AMorphine+Analgesia+During+Morphine%0D%0ATolerance+and+Withdrawal+in+Rats&rft.creator=Doerr%2C+Jean+C.&rft.creator=Kristal%2C+Dr.+Mark+B.&rft.subject=Psychobiology&rft.subject=Physiological+Psychology&rft.subject=Neuropharmacology&rft.subject=Behavioral+Neuroscience&rft.description=Ingestion+of+placenta+and+amniotic+fluid+has+been+shown+to+enhance+opioid-mediated+analgesia+in+rats+produced+by+morphine+injection.+footshock%2C+vaginal%2Fcervical+stimulation%2C+and+during+late+pregnancy.+The+present+study+was+designed+to+investigate+the+effects+of+amniotic+fluid+ingestion+on+the+characteristics+of+morphine+dependency+and+withdrawal.+Tail-flick+latencies+in+Long-Evans+rats+were+determined+before+and+after+repeated+daily+injections+of+morphine+sulfate.+It+was+found+that+ingestion+of+amniotic+fluid+after+establishment+of+the+morphine+dependency%2C+coupled+with+an+injection+of+an+otherwise+ineffective+dose+of+morphine%2C+enhanced+analgesia+in+morphine-dependent+rats%2C+and+reversed+hyperalgesia+seen+during+withdrawal+from+morphine+dependency.&rft.publisher=Pergamon+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F6212%2F1%2FTolerance.pdf&rft.identifier=++Doerr%2C+Jean+C.+and+Kristal%2C+Dr.+Mark+B.++(1991)+Amniotic-Fluid+Ingestion+Enhances+Morphine+Analgesia+During+Morphine+Tolerance+and+Withdrawal+in+Rats.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F6212%2F