---
abstract: 'Analgesia, produced by either a morphine injection or footshock, was monitored (using a tail-flick test) in nonpregnant female rats. Analgesia was induced within minutes of having the rats eat on of several substances. When the substance eaten was rat placenta, both the morphine- and shock-induced types of analgesia were significantly grater than in controls that ingested other substances (or nothing). When footshock (hind-paw) was administered in conjunction with the opiate antagonist naltrexone, the analgesia produced was attenuated but detectable; in this case, placenta ingestion did not enhance the analgesia, suggesting that the effect of placenta is specific to opiate-mediated analgesia. It is possible that this enhancement of analgesia is one of the principal benefits to mammalian mothers of ingesting placenta and birth fluids (placentophagia) at delivery.'
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creators_id:
  - kristal@buffalo.edu
  - ''
  - ''
creators_name:
  - family: Kristal
    given: Mark B.
    honourific: Dr.
    lineage: ''
  - family: Thompson
    given: A. C.
    honourific: ''
    lineage: ''
  - family: Grishkat
    given: H.L.
    honourific: ''
    lineage: ''
date: 1985
date_type: published
datestamp: 2007-10-22 10:45:33
department: ~
dir: disk0/00/00/57/64
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eprintid: 5764
fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/5764/1/poef85.pdf
full_text_status: public
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keywords: 'opiates, opioids, placentophagia, placenta, amniotic fluid, delivery, rat, POEF, naltrexone, analgesia, pain, tail-flick test, footshock, afterbirth, mammal'
lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:58
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metadata_visibility: show
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number: 4
pagerange: 481-486
pubdom: FALSE
publication: Physiology & Behavior
publisher: Pergamon Press
refereed: TRUE
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reportno: ~
rev_number: 19
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status_changed: 2007-10-22 10:45:33
subjects:
  - behav-neuro-sci
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thesistype: ~
title: Placenta ingestion enhances opiate analgesia in rats.
type: journalp
userid: 88
volume: 35
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