--- abstract: |- Lexical pragmatics starts from the assumption that the meaning communicated by a word is underdetermined by its semantics, and lexical pragmatists usually study the processes involved in bridging the gap between the encoded and the communicated meaning of words. This paper studies a different but related question: wether different types of linguistic encoding can play empirically distinguishable roles in lexical pragmatics. Carston (2002) suggests that some words may encode templates for concept formation whereas others encode fully-fledged concepts that provide inputs to pragmatic processes. Blakemore (1987) argued that some words encode constraints on inferential processes rather than concepts. But if some words might encode nothing more than concept-formation templates, and others procedural constraints, then both types of words appear to be highly context dependent and their linguistic semantics rather abstract in nature. Is it possible to distinguish these different types of encoding empirically? In this paper I want to argue that the answer to this question is positive. In Behdini-Kurdish, there is a class of four fundamental prepositions *di* 'in', *li* 'at', *ji* 'from', *bi* 'with'. Furthermore, there is a larger class of simple prepositions such as *ser* 'on', *nav* 'within', *ber* 'in front'. These simple prepositions can be added to one of the fundamental prepositions to form compound ones: *diser* 'on top of', *dinav* 'inside', *diber* 'in front of, in sight of'. Any fundamental, simple or compound preposition can be used together with one of three postpositions *da*, *ra* and *ve*. Postpositions are morphologically and syntactically simple, in contrast to prepositions. Though overlapping in meaning with prepositions, they are not redundant. Fundamental prepositions have a wider range of meaning than simple prepositions and compound prepositions. Finally, there are grammaticalisation paths from nouns through compound preposition to simple prepositions, but none involving the postpositions. My thesis is that these properties of the Behdini-Kurdish system of pre-and postpositions can be explained on the assumptions that the class of fundamental prepositions encodes templates for ad-hoc concept construction, the class of simple prepositions encodes concepts that allow the construction of ad-hoc concepts, and that the class of postpositions encode procedures constraining ad-hoc concept construction. This thesis gets additional support from German prepositional phrases. I conclude that the different types of linguistic encoding discussed do indeed lead to distinct effects in lexical pragmatics and are therefore empirically distinguishable. Thus, while there is reason to think that a unified account of the pragmatic processes involved in lexical pragmatics is possible (Wilson, to appear), the different types of inputs to these processes need to be recognised. altloc: [] chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: '31. August - 03. September 2005' conference: Linguistics Association of Great Britain Meeting confloc: 'University of Cambridge, Fitzwilliam College' contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Unger given: Christoph honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 2005 date_type: published datestamp: 2007-03-22 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/54/65 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: [] eprint_status: archive eprintid: 5465 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/5465/1/lexprag_pre_post_04a.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: unpub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: 'Lexical Pragmatics, Linguistic Semantics, Procedural Semantics, Ad-hoc Concepts, Prepositions, Postpositions' lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:48 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: ~ pubdom: FALSE publication: ~ publisher: ~ refereed: FALSE referencetext: |+ Bedir Khan, E. D. and Roger Lescot (1986): _Kurdische Grammatik._ Bonn: Verlag für Kultur und Wissenschaft. Original: _Grammaire Kurde (Dialecte Kurmandji)._ Paris: Adrien Maisonneuve, 1970. Blakemore, D. (1987): _Semantic Constraints on Relevance._ Oxford: Blackwell. Blakemore, D. (2002): _Relevance and Linguistic Meaning._ Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Blass, R. (1990): _Relevance Relations in Discourse._ Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Blutner, R. (1998): Lexical pragmatics. _Journal of Semantics_ 15:1-20. Breheny, R. (1998): Interface economy and focus. In V. Rouchota and A. Jucker (eds), _Current Issues in Relevance Theory,_ pp. 105-140. Amsterdam: John Benjamins. Carston, R. (2002): _Thoughts and utterances._ Oxford: Blackwell. Iten, C. (2003): Lexical pragmatics and procedural meaning. Paper presented at the International Pragmatics Conference, Toronto. Sperber, D. and D. Wilson (1998): The mapping between the mental and the public lexicon. In P. Carruthers and J. Boucher (eds) _Language and Thought,_ pp. 184-200. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Wharton, T. (2003): Natural pragmatics and natural codes. _Mind & Language_ 18:447-477. Wilson, D. (to appear): Relevance and lexical pragmatics. _Italian Journal of Linguistics/Rivista di Linguistica_ Special issue on pragmatics and the lexicon. Wilson, D. and D. Sperber (1993): Linguistic form and relevance. _Lingua_ 90(1/2):1-25. relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 12 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 17:10:06 subjects: - ling-sem - ling-prag succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: |- Lexical pragmatics and types of linguistic encoding: evidence from pre- and postpositions in Behdini-Kurdish type: confpaper userid: 4992 volume: ~