creators_name: Bracha, HS creators_name: Gil, P creators_name: Lange, B creators_name: Gilder, J creators_name: Torrey, EF creators_name: Gottesman, II creators_name: McCray, DS type: journalp datestamp: 2006-12-22 lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:44 metadata_visibility: show title: Subclinical microcrania, subclinical macrocrarnia, and fifth-month fetal markers (of growth retardation or edema) in schizophrenia: a co-twin control study of discordant monozygotic twins. ispublished: pub subjects: neuro-psych subjects: neuro-neu full_text_status: public keywords: Schizophrenia, Etiology, Embryology, Neurodevelopment, Dysmorphology, Dermatoglyphics, Twins, Monozygotic, Nonshared environment abstract: Summary: We tested the hypothesis that gestational injuries in some patients with schozophrenia would leave their mark as a subtle reduction in head circumference (subclinical microcrania). Conclusions: The head circumferences of all subjects were in the normal range. Decreased head circumference in affected MZ co-twins (relative to unaffected MZ co-twin) characteriazes discordant MZ pairs with larger finger-ridge-count differences (i.e., second-trimester fetal-size differences). This study using ideal genetic controls suggests that, while present only in some patients with schizophrenia, the decrease in head circumference is most likely a consequence of in-utero nonshared environmental deleterious events manifesting as groth retardation or as fetal edema and occurring around the fifth prenatal month. date: 1995 date_type: published publication: Neropsychiatry, Neuropsychology, and Behavioral Neurology volume: 8 number: 1 pagerange: 44-52 refereed: FALSE citation: Bracha, HS and Gil, P and Lange, B and Gilder, J and Torrey, EF and Gottesman, II and McCray, DS (1995) Subclinical microcrania, subclinical macrocrarnia, and fifth-month fetal markers (of growth retardation or edema) in schizophrenia: a co-twin control study of discordant monozygotic twins. [Journal (Paginated)] document_url: http://cogprints.org/5300/1/Bracha_et_al.%2C_Subclinical_microcrania%2C_subclinical_macrocrarnia%2C_and_fifth-month_fetal_markers_%28of_growth_retardation_or_edema%29_in_schizophrenia_a_co-twin_control_study_of_discordant_monozygotic_twins..PDF