?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Computing+Machinery+and+Intelligence&rft.creator=Turing%2C+A.+M.&rft.subject=Language&rft.subject=Machine+Learning&rft.subject=Cognitive+Psychology&rft.subject=Philosophy+of+Mind&rft.subject=Artificial+Intelligence&rft.subject=Robotics&rft.description=I+propose+to+consider+the+question%2C+%22Can+machines+think%3F%22+This+should+begin+with+definitions+of+the+meaning+of+the+terms+%22machine%22+and+%22think.%22+The+definitions+might+be+framed+so+as+to+reflect+so+far+as+possible+the+normal+use+of+the+words%2C+but+this+attitude+is+dangerous%2C+If+the+meaning+of+the+words+%22machine%22+and+%22think%22+are+to+be+found+by+examining+how+they+are+commonly+used+it+is+difficult+to+escape+the+conclusion+that+the+meaning+and+the+answer+to+the+question%2C+%22Can+machines+think%3F%22+is+to+be+sought+in+a+statistical+survey+such+as+a+Gallup+poll.+But+this+is+absurd.+Instead+of+attempting+such+a+definition+I+shall+replace+the+question+by+another%2C+which+is+closely+related+to+it+and+is+expressed+in+relatively+unambiguous+words.+The+new+form+of+the+problem+can+be+described+in+terms+of+a+game+which+we+call+the+'imitation+game.%22+It+is+played+with+three+people%2C+a+man+(A)%2C+a+woman+(B)%2C+and+an+interrogator+(C)+who+may+be+of+either+sex.+The+interrogator+stays+in+a+room+apart+front+the+other+two.+The+object+of+the+game+for+the+interrogator+is+to+determine+which+of+the+other+two+is+the+man+and+which+is+the+woman.+He+knows+them+by+labels+X+and+Y%2C+and+at+the+end+of+the+game+he+says+either+%22X+is+A+and+Y+is+B%22+or+%22X+is+B+and+Y+is+A.%22+The+interrogator+is+allowed+to+put+questions+to+A+and+B.+We+now+ask+the+question%2C+%22What+will+happen+when+a+machine+takes+the+part+of+A+in+this+game%3F%22+Will+the+interrogator+decide+wrongly+as+often+when+the+game+is+played+like+this+as+he+does+when+the+game+is+played+between+a+man+and+a+woman%3F+These+questions+replace+our+original%2C+%22Can+machines+think%3F%22&rft.date=1950&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=text%2Fhtml&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F499%2F1%2Fturing.html&rft.identifier=++Turing%2C+A.+M.++(1950)+Computing+Machinery+and+Intelligence.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F499%2F