"4980","Scaffolding Cognition with Words","We describe a set of experiments investigating the role of natural language symbols in scaffolding situated action. Agents are evolved to respond appropriately to commands in order to perform simple tasks. We explore three different conditions, which show a significant advantage to the re-use of a public symbol system, through self-cueing leading to qualitative changes in performance. This is modelled by looping spoken output via environment back to heard input. We argue this work can be linked to, and sheds new light on, the account of self-directed speech advanced by the developmental psychologist Vygotsky in his model of the development of higher cognitive function.","http://cogprints.org/4980/","Clowes, Robert and Morse, Anthony F.","Berthouze, Luc and Kaplan, Frédéric and Kozima, Hideki and Yano, Hiroyuki and Konczak, Jürgen and Metta, Giorgio and Nadel, Jacqueline and Sandini, Giulio and Stojanov, Georgi and Balkenius, Christian","       <span class=\"person_name\">Clowes, Robert</span> and <span class=\"person_name\">Morse, Anthony F.</span>     (2005)  <a href=\"http://cogprints.org/4980/\"><em>Scaffolding Cognition with Words.</em></a>       [Conference Paper]           ","","2005"