@misc{cogprints4980, volume = {123}, editor = {Luc Berthouze and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Kaplan and Hideki Kozima and Hiroyuki Yano and J{\"u}rgen Konczak and Giorgio Metta and Jacqueline Nadel and Giulio Sandini and Georgi Stojanov and Christian Balkenius}, title = {Scaffolding Cognition with Words}, author = {Robert Clowes and Anthony F. Morse}, publisher = {Lund University Cognitive Studies}, year = {2005}, pages = {101--105}, keywords = {self-directed language, cognitive bootstrapping, simple recurrent neural network, genetic algorithm}, url = {http://cogprints.org/4980/}, abstract = {We describe a set of experiments investigating the role of natural language symbols in scaffolding situated action. Agents are evolved to respond appropriately to commands in order to perform simple tasks. We explore three different conditions, which show a significant advantage to the re-use of a public symbol system, through self-cueing leading to qualitative changes in performance. This is modelled by looping spoken output via environment back to heard input. We argue this work can be linked to, and sheds new light on, the account of self-directed speech advanced by the developmental psychologist Vygotsky in his model of the development of higher cognitive function.} }