creators_name: Elias, Tsakanikos creators_name: Phil, Reed type: journalp datestamp: 2005-11-12 lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:12 metadata_visibility: show title: Seeing words that are not there: Detection biases in schizotypy ispublished: pub subjects: neuro-psy subjects: neuro-psych full_text_status: public keywords: Cognitive biases; Delusions; False perceptual experiences; Hallucinations; Positive symptoms of schizophrenia; Schizotypy abstract: Objective. The present studies introduced a novel word-detection paradigm to examine detection biases as a function of different schizotypy dimensions in a sample of undergraduate students. Method. The participants (N = 80) were asked to detect fast moving (8 frames/sec) words among simultaneously moving non-words. Results. Positive schizotypy was associated with a tendency to report words that never appeared in the trials. This effect was independent of task order, impulsivity and social desirability. None of the schizotypy measures was associated with correct words (detection accuracy). Conclusions. It is inferred that a bias to report events in the absence of corresponding events may constitute a cross-modal mechanism responsible for translating internally generated experiences into perceptual experiences. date: 2005-07 date_type: published publication: British Journal Of Clinical Psychology volume: 44 number: 2 pagerange: 295-299 refereed: TRUE referencetext: Bentall, R. P., & Slade, P. D. (1985). Reality testing and auditory hallucinations: a signal detection analysis. British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 24, 159 -169. Behrendt, R. P. (1998). Under-constrained perception: a theoretical approach to the nature and function of verbal hallucinations. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 39, 236-248. Boecker, K. B. E., Hijman, R., Kahn, R. S., & De Haan, E. H. F. (2000). Perception, mental imagery and reality discrimination in hallucinating and non-hallucinating schizophrenic patients. 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