?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Bootstrapping+knowledge+representations%3A+from+entailment+meshes+via+semantic+nets+to+learning+webs&rft.creator=Heylighen%2C+Francis&rft.subject=Applied+Cognitive+Psychology&rft.subject=Artificial+Intelligence&rft.subject=Neural+Nets&rft.description=The+symbol-based%2C+correspondence+epistemology+used+in+AI+is+contrasted+with+the+constructivist%2C+coherence+epistemology+promoted+by+cybernetics.+The+latter+leads+to+bootstrapping+knowledge+representations%2C+in+which+different+parts+of+the+cognitive+system+mutually+support+each+other.+Gordon+Pask's+entailment+meshes+and+their+implementation+in+the+ThoughtSticker+program+are+reviewed+as+a+basic+application+of+this+methodology.+Entailment+meshes+are+then+extended+to+entailment+nets%3A+directed+graph+representations+governed+by+the+%22bootstrapping+axiom%22%2C+determining+which+concepts+are+to+be+distinguished+or+merged.+This+allows+a+constant+restructuring+and+elicitation+of+the+conceptual+network.+Semantic+networks+and+frame-like+representations+with+inheritance+can+be+expressed+in+this+very+general+scheme+by+introducing+a+basic+ontology+of+node+and+link+types.+Entailment+nets+are+then+generalized+to+associative+nets+characterized+by+weighted+links.+Learning+algorithms+are+presented+which+can+adapt+the+link+strengths%2C+based+on+the+frequency+with+which+links+are+selected+by+hypertext+browsers.+It+is+argued+that+these+different+bootstrapping+methods+could+be+applied+to+make+the+World-Wide+Web+more+intelligent%2C+by+allowing+it+to+self-organize+and+support+inferences+through+spreading+activation.&rft.date=1997&rft.type=Preprint&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=text%2Fhtml&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F458%2F1%2FBootstrappingPask.html&rft.format=application%2Fpostscript&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F458%2F3%2FBootstrappingPask.ps&rft.identifier=++Heylighen%2C+Francis++(1997)+Bootstrapping+knowledge+representations%3A+from+entailment+meshes+via+semantic+nets+to+learning+webs.++%5BPreprint%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F458%2F