creators_name: Linnea, Cook creators_name: Corey, Tomczak creators_name: Edward, Busse creators_name: Tada, Hiroshi creators_name: John, Tsang creators_name: Wladyslaw, Wojcik creators_name: Robert, Haennel editors_name: Singh, Balbir editors_name: Lokhandwala, Yash editors_name: Francis, Johnson editors_name: Gupta, Anup type: journalp datestamp: 2005-08-11 lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:56:08 metadata_visibility: show title: Impact of a Right Ventricular Impedance Sensor on the Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise in Pacemaker Dependent Patients ispublished: pub subjects: ipej full_text_status: public keywords: cardiac pacing; exercise responses; chronotropic reserve index abstract: Background. The evaluation of the heart rate (HR) response to exercise is important for the assessment of the rate response algorithm of sensor-controlled pacemakers. This study examined the effects of a right ventricular impedance sensor driven pacemaker on the cardiovascular responses to incremental exercise in pacemaker dependent patients. Methods. Twelve patients (70.5 ± 9.5 years; 5 Females: 7 Males) implanted with an Inos2+ closed loop stimulation (CLS) pacemaker were compared to 12 healthy age and sex matched controls (70.6 ± 4.8 years). All subjects performed the chronotropic assessment exercise protocol (CAEP). Variables of interest included HR, cardiac output (Q), oxygen uptake (Vo2) and blood pressure (BP). Data were analyzed at rest, throughout exercise and during recovery. Furthermore, patient chronotropic responses were compared to a reference chronotropic response slope for aerobic exercise. Results. There were no differences between groups for HR or Q. response throughout exercise. At peak exercise, V.o2 (mL.kg-1.min-1) was higher for the controls (p < 0.05). The patient chronotropic response slope was comparable to the CAEP reference slope from rest to both the anaerobic threshold (AT) and peak exercise. During recovery, no differences were observed between the groups for any parameters or for the HR decay slopes. Conclusions. Up to the anaerobic threshold, the right ventricular impedance sensor driven pacemaker delivered a pacing rate that contributed to an overall cardiovascular response similar to that observed in healthy age matched subjects. date: 2005-07 date_type: published publication: Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Journal volume: 5 number: 3 publisher: Indian Pacing and Electrophysiology Group pagerange: 160-174 refereed: TRUE referencetext: 1. Lu B, Wood M, Ellenbogen KA, Valenta HL, Jr. Correlation of an invasive measure of right ventricular pressure and mean arterial pressure. Biomed Sci Instrum 1990;26:137-40. 2. Malinowski K. Interindividual comparison of different sensor principles for rate adaptive pacing. 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Neurohumoral behavior in cardiac pacemaker patients controlled by the autonomic nervous system with closed loop stimulation. Progress in Biomedical Research 2000;5:284-291. 36. Clementy J, Garrigue S, Gencel L, Jais P, Shah D, Le Metayer P, Hocini M, Haissaguerre M. Evaluation of the chronotropic function of a closed-loop rate-responsive dual chamber driven by contractility. Progress in Biomedical Research. 1999;3:18-22. citation: Linnea, Cook and Corey, Tomczak and Edward, Busse and Tada, Hiroshi and John, Tsang and Wladyslaw, Wojcik and Robert, Haennel (2005) Impact of a Right Ventricular Impedance Sensor on the Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise in Pacemaker Dependent Patients. [Journal (Paginated)] document_url: http://cogprints.org/4487/1/haennel.htm document_url: http://cogprints.org/4487/2/haennel.pdf