"4184","New Concepts in Pacemaker Syndrome ","After implantation of a permanent pacemaker, patients may experience severe symptoms of dyspnea, palpitations, malaise, and syncope resulting from pacemaker syndrome.  Although pacemaker syndrome is most often ascribed to the loss of atrioventricular (A-V) synchrony, more recent data may also implicate left ventricular dysynchrony caused by right ventricular pacing.  Previous studies have not shown reductions in mortality or stroke with rate-modulated dual-chamber (DDDR) pacing as compared to ventricular-based (VVI) pacing. The benefits in A-V sequential pacing with the DDDR mode are likely mitigated by the interventricular (V-V) dysynchrony imposed by the high percentage of ventricular pacing commonly seen in the DDDR mode.  Programming DDDR pacemakers to encourage intrinsic A-V conduction and reduce right ventricular pacing will likely decrease heart failure and pacemaker syndrome.  Studies are currently ongoing to address these questions. ","http://cogprints.org/4184/","Farmer, Michael D and Estes, Mark NA III and Link, Mark S","Singh, Balbir and Lokhandwala, Yash and Francis, Johnson and Gupta, Anup","       <span class=\"person_name\">Farmer, Michael D</span> and <span class=\"person_name\">Estes, Mark NA III</span> and <span class=\"person_name\">Link, Mark S</span>     (2004)  <a href=\"http://cogprints.org/4184/\"><em>New Concepts in Pacemaker Syndrome.</em></a>       [Journal (Paginated)]           ","","2004-10"