creators_name: Loftus, J creators_name: DeLisi, LE creators_name: Crow, TJ type: journalp datestamp: 2004-12-04 lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:55:45 metadata_visibility: show title: Factor structure and familiality of first-rank symptoms in sibling pairs with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder ispublished: pub subjects: behav-neuro-sci full_text_status: public abstract: Background Since their introduction as diagnostic criteria by Schneider in 1937, nuclear symptoms have played a key role in concepts of schizophrenia, but their relationship to each other and to genetic predisposition has been unclear. Aims To ascertain the factor structure and familiality of nuclear symptoms. Methods Nuclear (Schneiderian) symptoms were extracted from case notes and interviews in a study of 103 sibling pairs with DSM-III-R schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Results Principal components analysis demonstrated two major factors : one, accounting for about 50% of the variance, groups thought withdrawal, insertion and broadcasting, with delusions of control ; and the second, accounting for <20% of the variance, groups together third-person voices, thought echo and running commentary. Factor I was significantly correlated within sibling pairs. Conclusions The correlation within sibling pairs suggests that, contrary to the conclusion of some previous studies, some nuclear symptoms do show a degree of familiality and therefore perhaps heritability. date: 2000 date_type: published publication: British Journal of Psychiatry volume: 177 pagerange: 15-19 refereed: TRUE referencetext: American Psychiatric Association (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (3rd edn, revised) (DSM-III-R). Washington, DC : APA. Burke, J. G., Murphy, B. M., Bray, J. C., et al (1996) Clinical similarities in siblings with schizophrenia. American Journal of Medical Genetics (Neuropsychiatric Genetics), 67, 239-243.[Medline] Cardno, A. G., Jones, L. A., Murphy, K. C., et al (1998) Sibling pairs with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorders : associations of subtypes, symptoms and demographic variables. Psychological Medicine, 28, 815-823.[CrossRef][Medline] Cardno, A. G., Jones, L. A., Murphy, K. C., et al (1999) Dimensions of psychosis in affected sibling-pairs. Schizophrenia Bulletin, 5, 22-31. Crow, T.J. (1998) Nuclear schizophrenic symptoms as a window on the relationship between thought and speech. British Journal of Psychiatry, 173, 303-309.[Abstract] Cutting, J. (1990) The Right Cerebral Hemisphere and Psychiatric Disorders. Oxford : Oxford University Press. Cutting, J. (1997) Principles of Psychopathology : Two Worlds - Two Minds - Two Hemispheres. Oxford : Oxford University Press. Dann, J. C., DeLisi, L. E., Devoto, M., et al (1997) A linkage study of schizophrenia to markers within XpII near the MAOB gene. Psychiatry Research, 70, 131-143.[CrossRef][Medline] Endicott, J. & Spitzer, R. L. (1978) A diagnostic interview : the schedule for affective disorders and schizophrenia (SADS). Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 837-844.[Abstract] Farmer, A. E., McGuffin, P. & Gottesmann, I. I. (1984) Searching for the split in schizophrenia : a twin study perspective. Psychiatry Research, 13, 109-118.[CrossRef][Medline] Firth, C. D. (1992) The Cognitive Neuropsychology of Schizophrenia. Hove : Erlbaum. Garner, C., Kelly, M., Cardon, L., et al (1996) Linkage analysis of schizophrenia to chromosome 6p24-p22 : an attempt to replicate. American Journal of Medical Genetics (Neuropsychiatric Genetics), 67, 595-610.[Medline] Kendler, K. S., Karkowski-Shuman, L., O'Neill, A., et al (1997) Resemblance of psychotic symptoms and syndromes in affected sibling pairs from the Irish study of high-density schizophrenia families : evidence for possible etiologic heterogeneity. American Journal of Psychiatry, 154, 191-198.[Abstract] Libet, B., Gleason, C. A., Wright, E. W., et al (1983) Time of conscious intention to act in relation to onset of cerebral activity (readiness-potential). The unconscious initiation of a freely voluntary act. Brain, 106, 623-642.[Abstract] Loftus, J., DeLisi, L. E. & Crow, T. J. (1998) Familial associations of subsyndromes of psychosis in affected sibling pairs with schizophrenia. Psychiatry Research, 80, 101-111.[CrossRef][Medline] McGuffin, P., Farmer, A.E. & Gottesmann, I. I. (1984) Twin concordance of operationally defined schizophrenia. Archives of General Psychiatry, 41, 541-545.[Abstract] McGuffin, P., Farmer, A. E. & Harvey, I. (1991) A polydiagnostic application of operational criteria in studies of psychotic illness : development and reliability of the OPCRIT system. Archives of General Psychiatry, 48, 764-770.[CrossRef][Medline] Nasrallah, H. A. (1985) The unintegrated right cerebral hemispheric consciousness as alien intruder : a possible mechanism for Schneiderian delusions in schizophrenia. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 26, 273-282.[Medline] Nurnberger, J. I., Blehar, M. C., Kaufmann, C. A., et al (1994) Diagnostic Interview for Genetic Studies. Archives of General Psychiatry, 51, 849-862.[Abstract] Pandya, D. N. & Yeterian, E. H. (1984) Proposed neural circuitry for spatial memory in the primate brain. Neuropsychologia, 22, 109-122.[CrossRef][Medline] Plomin, R. & Daniels, D. (1987) Why are children in the same family so different from each other ? Behavioural Brain Science, 10, 44-54. Reiss, D., Plomin, R., Hetherington, E. M., et al (1994) The separate worlds of teenage siblings : an introduction to the study of the nonshared environment and adolescent development. In Separate Social Worlds of Siblings : The impact of Nonshared Environment on Development (eds E. M. Hetherington, D. Reiss & R. Plomin), pp. 63-109. Hillsdale, NJ : Erlbaum. Schneider, K. (1959) Clinical Psychopathology (transl. M. W. Hamilton). New York : Grune & Stratton. Sims, A. C. P. (1995) Schizophrenia and the permeability of the self. Neurology, Psychiatry and Brain Research, I, 133-135. Spence, S. A. (1996) Free will in the light of neuropsychiatry. Philosophy, Psychiatry & Psychology, 3, 75-90. Spence, S. A. Brooks, D. J., Hirsch, S. R., et al (1997) A PET study of voluntary movement in schizophrenic patients experiencing passivity phenomena (delusions of alien control). Brain, 120, 1997-2011.[Abstract] Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J. & Robins, E. (1978) Research Diagnostic Criteria : rationale and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry, 35, 773-782.[Abstract] Trimble, M. R. (1990) First-rank symptoms of Schneider : a new perspective ? British Journal of Psychiatry, 156, 195-200.[Abstract] citation: Loftus, Dr J and DeLisi, Prof LE and Crow, Prof TJ (2000) Factor structure and familiality of first-rank symptoms in sibling pairs with schizophrenia and schizoaffective disorder. [Journal (Paginated)] document_url: http://cogprints.org/3971/1/Loftus2000.pdf