%A D D?py %A J Fagot %A J Vauclair %J Brain & Cognition %T Comparative assessment of distance processing and hemispheric specialization in humans (Homo sapiens) and baboons (Papio papio) %X This comparative study explored the ability to process distance and its lateralization in humans and baboons. Using a conditional matching-to-sample procedure in a divided-field format, subjects had to decide whether or not the distance between a line and a dot belonged to a short- or a long-distance category. Experiments 1, 2, and 4 demonstrated the ability of baboons to process and categorize distances. Moreover, humans showed better distance processing for right visual field/left hemisphere presentations than for left visual field/right hemisphere (LVF-RH) displays (Experiments 1?2). The same bias was found in baboons (Experiment 1), but in a weaker way. In Experiment 3, naive human individuals were tested and the difficulty of the discrimination was enhanced. There was a LVF-RH advantage which vanished with practice. Results are discussed by referring to theories (i.e., Kosslyn, 1987) of visuospatial processing for coordinate and categorical judgments. %K coordinate representration, baboon, visual spatial processing, categorical judgement, hemispheric specialization, lateralization, human %P 165-182 %V 38 %D 1998 %L cogprints3600