--- abstract: "Though evolution has no purpose, it may be legitimate to speculate about the direction and plausible consequences of technological and other developments and trends in social organization. Human societies are in implicit competition with each other; each society aims to survive, to prosper, to achieve stability and order for the members of the national group. Each society does this in the environment created by the existence of other similar societies. Because human individuals are conscious not only of their own selves but also of the selves of others, because the shared communication through language of members of the group makes possible the moulding of each individual's behaviour and attitudes and the transmission of structures of ideas about the society of which they form part, what is rejected as implausible for thoughtless and language-less creatures has to be considered for human communities: the reality of a process of group selection. Due to technological progress, radical changes affecting the most basic evolutionary forces are taking place: the continual refinement of contraceptive techniques, the use of chemicals to manipulate brains and behaviour, the ability directly to manipulate genetic structures. In the case of other species, particularly the social insects, evolution has produced very specific group structures depending on specialised systems of communication (biochemical and behavioural) and on changes in the genetic organisation of the group. Where may the new developments in human society lead? Which new or changed societal structures will achieve fitness both at the group level and in terms of the relative fitness of the succession of individuals composing the group? We need a sociobiology of human societies to complement the sociobiology of the human individual. " altloc: - http://www.percepp.demon.co.uk/antheap.htm chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: ~ conference: ~ confloc: ~ contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Allott given: Robin honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 1998 date_type: published datestamp: 2003-09-04 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/31/33 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: - family: Falger given: Vincent S.E. honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Meyer given: Peter honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: van Der Dennen given: Johann M.G. honourific: '' lineage: '' eprint_status: archive eprintid: 3133 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/text_html.png;/3133/1/antheap.htm full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: 'sociobiology of societies,ant society, group formation, population genetics, group selection, language' lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:55:20 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: 203-214 pubdom: TRUE publication: Research in Biopolitics Volume 6 Sociobiology and Politics publisher: JAI Press Inc. refereed: TRUE referencetext: |- REFERENCES Barash, David P. 1982. Sociobiology and Behavior. London: Hodder & Stoughton. Betzig, Laura. 1989. Rethinking Human Ethology. Ethology and Sociobiology 10: 315-324. Bullock, Theodore H. 1993. How are more complex brains different? Brain, Behavior and Evolution 41: 88-96. Collingwood, R. G. 1961. The Idea of History. London: OUP. Cronin, Helena. 1991. The Ant and the Peacock. Cambridge: Cambridge UP. Damasio, Antonio R. 1994. Descartes' Error: Emotion, Reason and the Human Brain. London: Macmillan Dumpert, Klaus. 1978 [1977). The social biology of ants. Trans. by C. Johnson. London: Pitman. Darwin, C. 1871. The Descent of Man. Reprint with introduction by J.T. Bonner and R.M. May. Princeton, New Jersey: Princeton UP. Forel, Auguste. 1928. The social world of the ants compared with that of man. Trans. by C.K. Ogden. London: Pitman. Hamilton, W. D. 1964. The Genetical Evolution of Social Behavior. I and II. Journal of Theoretical Biology. 7: 1- 52. Hardin, Russell. 1995. The logic of group conflict. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton UP. Hayes, N. 1995. Psychology in Perspective. London: Macmillan. Hölldobler, Bert and Edward O. Wilson. 1990. The Ants. Berlin: Springer-Verlag Humphrey, Nicholas. 1987. The inner eye of consciousness. In Colin Blakemore and Susan Greenfield eds. Mindwaves: Thoughts on Intelligence, Identity and Consciousness, pp. 377-381. Oxford: Blackwell. Llinas, R 1987. 'Mindness' as a Functional State of the Brain . In Blakemore, Greenfield (eds.), 339-358. Maynard Smith, J. and Eors Szathmary. 1995. The Major Transitions in Evolution. Oxford: W. H. Freeman. Russo, Enzo and David Cove. 1995. Genetic Engineering: Dreams and Nightmares. Oxford: W.H. Freeman. Symons, D. 1979. The Evolution of Human Sexuality. New York: OUP. Symons, D. 1992. On the use and misuse of Darwinism in the study of human behavior In Barkow, Jerome H., Leda Cosmides and John Tooby eds. The Adapted Mind: Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture. pp. 137-159. New York: OUP. Tajfel, H. 1981. Human Groups and Social Categories: Studies in Social Psychology. Cambridge: CUP. Thorson, Thomas Landon. 1982. Biopolitics. Washington, DC: UP of America. relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 8 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:48:34 subjects: - bio-socio - bio-evo - bio-behav succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: 'TOWARD THE ANTHEAP, THE DRUGGED SOCIETY OR?' type: bookchapter userid: 4227 volume: ~