--- abstract: |- This position paper argues that the Baldwin effect is widely misunderstood by the evolutionary computation community. The misunderstandings appear to fall into two general categories. Firstly, it is commonly believed that the Baldwin effect is concerned with the synergy that results when there is an evolving population of learning individuals. This is only half of the story. The full story is more complicated and more interesting. The Baldwin effect is concerned with the costs and benefits of lifetime learning by individuals in an evolving population. Several researchers have focussed exclusively on the benefits, but there is much to be gained from attention to the costs. This paper explains the two sides of the story and enumerates ten of the costs and benefits of lifetime learning by individuals in an evolving population. Secondly, there is a cluster of misunderstandings about the relationship between the Baldwin effect and Lamarckian inheritance of acquired characteristics. The Baldwin effect is not Lamarckian. A Lamarckian algorithm is not better for most evolutionary computing problems than a Baldwinian algorithm. Finally, Lamarckian inheritance is not a better model of memetic (cultural) evolution than the Baldwin effect. altloc: [] chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: ~ conference: Workshop on Evolutionary Computation and Machine Learning at the 13th International Conference on Machine Learning confloc: 'Bari, Italy' contact_email: ~ creators_id: - 2175 creators_name: - family: Turney given: Peter honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 1996 date_type: published datestamp: 2003-04-16 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/28/89 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: [] eprint_status: archive eprintid: 2889 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/2889/1/NRC%2D39220.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: ~ lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:55:15 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: 135-142 pubdom: FALSE publication: ~ publisher: ~ refereed: TRUE referencetext: |2 Ackley, D., and Littman, M. 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Berlin: Springer-Verlag. relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 12 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:47:20 subjects: - comp-sci-mach-learn - bio-evo succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: Myths and Legends of the Baldwin Effect type: confpaper userid: 2175 volume: ~