?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Task+Switching%3A+A+PDP+Model&rft.creator=Gilbert%2C+Sam+J&rft.creator=Shallice%2C+Tim&rft.subject=Cognitive+Psychology&rft.description=When+subjects+switch+between+a+pair+of+stimulus%C2%96response+tasks%2C+reaction+time+is+slower+on+trial+N+if+a+different+task+was+performed+on+trial+N-1.+We+present+a+parallel+distributed+processing+(PDP)+model+that+simulates+this+effect+when+subjects+switch+between+word+reading+and+color+naming+in+response+to+Stroop+stimuli.+Reaction+time+on+%C2%91switch+trials%C2%92+can+be+slowed+by+an+extended+response+selection+process+which+results+from+(a)+persisting%2C+inappropriate+states+of+activation+and+inhibition+of+task-controlling+representations%3B+and+(b)+associative+learning%2C+which+allows+stimuli+to+evoke+tasks+sets+with+which+they+have+recently+been+associated+(as+proposed+by+Allport+%26+Wylie%2C+2000).+The+model+provides+a+good+fit+to+a+large+body+of+empirical+data%2C+including+findings+which+have+been+seen+as+problematic+for+this+explanation+of+switch+costs%2C+and+shows+similar+behavior+when+the+parameters+are+set+to+random+values%2C+supporting+Allport+and+Wylie%C2%92s+proposal.&rft.date=2002&rft.type=Preprint&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F2087%2F3%2FGilbert_%2526_Shallice_-_Task_Switching.pdf&rft.identifier=++Gilbert%2C+Sam+J+and+Shallice%2C+Tim++(2002)+Task+Switching%3A+A+PDP+Model.++%5BPreprint%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F2087%2F