--- abstract: "from Introduction: Animal communication systems and human languages can be characterised by the type of cognitive abilities that are required. If we consider the main semiotic distinction between communication using icons, signals, or symbols (Peirce, 1955; Harnad, 1990; Deacon, 1997) we can identify different cognitive loads for each type of reference. The use and understanding of icons require instinctive behaviour (e.g. emotions) or simple perceptual processes (e.g. visual similarities between an icon and its meaning). Communication systems that use signals are characterised by referential associations between objects and visual or auditory signals. They require the cognitive ability to learn stimulus associations, such as in conditional learning. Symbols have double associations. Initially, symbolic systems require the establishment of associations between signals and objects. Secondly, other types of relationships are learned between the signals themselves. The use of rule for the logical combination of symbols is an example of symbolic relationship. Symbolisation is the ability to acquire and handle symbols and symbolic relationships. \n" altloc: [] chapter: ~ commentary: ~ commref: ~ confdates: April 2000 conference: Third International Conference on the Evolution of Language confloc: Paris contact_email: ~ creators_id: [] creators_name: - family: Cangelosi given: Angelo honourific: '' lineage: '' date: 2000 date_type: published datestamp: 2002-01-11 department: ~ dir: disk0/00/00/20/23 edit_lock_since: ~ edit_lock_until: ~ edit_lock_user: ~ editors_id: [] editors_name: - family: Desalles given: J.L. honourific: '' lineage: '' - family: Ghadakpour given: L. honourific: '' lineage: '' eprint_status: archive eprintid: 2023 fileinfo: /style/images/fileicons/application_pdf.png;/2023/3/cangelosi%2Dparis2000.pdf full_text_status: public importid: ~ institution: ~ isbn: ~ ispublished: pub issn: ~ item_issues_comment: [] item_issues_count: 0 item_issues_description: [] item_issues_id: [] item_issues_reported_by: [] item_issues_resolved_by: [] item_issues_status: [] item_issues_timestamp: [] item_issues_type: [] keywords: 'language evolution, chimpanzees, neural networks, syntax' lastmod: 2011-03-11 08:54:52 latitude: ~ longitude: ~ metadata_visibility: show note: ~ number: ~ pagerange: 40-44 pubdom: FALSE publication: ~ publisher: ~ refereed: TRUE referencetext: | Cangelosi A. (1999). Modeling the evolution of communication: From stimulus associations to grounded symbolic associations. In D. Floreano, J. Nicoud, F. Mondada (Eds.), Advances in Artificial Life, Berlin: Springer-Verlag, 654-663. Cangelosi A. & Harnad S. (in press). The adaptive advantage of symbolic theft over sensorimotor toil: Grounding language in perceptual categories. Evolution of Communication. Presented at the 2nd International Conference on the Evolution of Language, London, April 1998. Deacon T.W. (1997). The symbolic species: The coevolution of language and human brain, London: Penguin. Fodor J. e Pylyshyn Z. (1988). Connectionism and cognitive architecture: A critical analysis. Cognition, 28, 3-71. Greenfield P.M. & Savage-Rumbaugh S. (1990). Grammatical combination in Pan paniscus: Process of learning and invention in the evolution and development of language. In S.T. Parker & K.R. Gibson (eds), Language and intelligence in monkeys and apes, Cambridge University Press, 540-579. Harnad S. (1990). The Symbol Grounding Problem. Physica D 42: 335-346 Kirby S. (1999). Function, selection and innateness: The emergence of language universals, Oxford University Press. Marcus G.F. (1998). Rethinking eliminative connectionism. Cognitive Psychology, 37(3): 243-282. Peirce C.S. (1955). Logic as semiotic: The theory of sign. In J. Buchler (Ed.), The philosophical writing of Peirce. New York: Dover Books. Rumelhart D.E. e McClelland J.L. (Eds.) (1986). Parallel Distributed Processing: Explorations in the microstructure of cognition. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press. Savage-Rumbaugh S. (1986). Ape languages: From conditioned response to symbol. New York: Columbia University Press. Savage-Rumbaugh S. & Rumbaugh D.M. (1978). Symbolization, language, and Chimpanzees: A theoretical reevaluation on initial language acquisition processes in four Young Pan troglodytes. Brain and Language, 6: 265-300. Savage-Rumbaugh S., Rumbaugh D.M., Smith S.T., & Lawson J. (1980). Reference: The linguistic essential. Science, 210, 922-925. Steels, L. (1997) The synthetic modeling of language origins. Evolution of Communication, 1(1). relation_type: [] relation_uri: [] reportno: ~ rev_number: 12 series: ~ source: ~ status_changed: 2007-09-12 16:42:30 subjects: - bio-ani-cog - comp-psy - comp-sci-neural-nets - evol-psy - ling-compara - psy-ling succeeds: ~ suggestions: ~ sword_depositor: ~ sword_slug: ~ thesistype: ~ title: Evolution of Symbolisation in Chimpanzees and Neural Nets type: confpaper userid: 24 volume: ~