?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=Relative+importance+of+initial+individual+differences%2C+victory+and+defeat+experiences%2C+and+assessment++accuracy+during+hierarchy+formation%3A+A+simulation+study&rft.creator=Beaugrand%2C+Jacques+P.&rft.subject=Animal+Behavior&rft.subject=Behavioral+Biology&rft.subject=Ethology&rft.description=This+simulation+study+explores+some+conditions+leading+to+transitivity+within+dominance+orders.+Combinations+of+three+parameters+were+varied+to+study+their+consequences+upon+hierarchy+formation+and+upon+the+degree+of+linearity+of+resultant+structures.+The+factors+studied+were+(i)+the+importance+of+initial+Resource+Holding+Potentials+(RHPs)+%2C+(ii)+changes+brought+in+RHPs+by+successive+victories+and+defeats%2C+and+(iii)+accuracy+of+RHP+assessment+made+by+opponents.+Results+show+that+initial+differences+in+RHP+always+lead+to+perfectly+transitive+chains+whose+rank+order+reflects+the+importance+of+initial+differences.+Even+when+simulated+animals+make+important+errors+while+assessing+each+other+during+round+robin+tournaments%2C+emerging+dominance+structures+are+perfectly+linear+and+ranks+obtained+in+the+structure+are+highly+correlated+with+initial+values+in+RHPs.+Moreover%2C+accumulated+experiences+of+victory+and%2For+defeat+alone+always+lead+to+perfectly+linear+hierarchies.+Their+combination+with+initial+individual+differences+in+RHP+led+to+the+same+conclusion.+Even+when+assessment+was+far+from+being+perfect%2C+not+only+perfect+chains+were+formed+but+initial+values+in+RHPs+significantly+influenced+rank+order+when+the+contribution+of+victory+and+defeat+to+RHP+was+relatively+unimportant.+The+higher+the+importance+of+victory+and+defeat+to+RHP+as+compared+to+that+of+initial+RHP+values%2C+the+lower+was+the+correlation+between+initial+RHP+values+and+the+ranks+order+reached+by+individuals+in+the+resultant+hierarchies.+In+general+also%2C+the+lower+the+variation+within+initial+RHPs%2C+the+lower+was+the+correlation+between+initial+RHPs+and+ranks+in+the+hierarchy.+At+a+given+level+of+initial+RHP+dispersion%2C+increasing+the+contribution+of+victory+and+defeat+to+RHP+diminished+the+correlation+between+initial+RHP+values+and+obtained+ranks.+In+addition%2C+inaccurate+assessment+reduced+the+overall+correlation%2C+especially+when+dispersion+of+initial+RHP+values+was+low+and+the+contribution+of+victory+and+defeat+was+high.+These+results+shed+some+light+on+the+controversy+about+the+respective+roles+of+initial+individual+attributes+and+that+of+patterns+of+resolution+in+the+formation+of+animal+hierarchies.+We+present+the+emergence+of+social+order+within+closed+systems+as+those+simulated+here+as+a+case+of+self-organization.%0A%0A&rft.publisher=Elsevier&rft.date=1997&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1965%2F3%2Fbeaugrand-1997b-sim1.pdf&rft.identifier=++Beaugrand%2C+Jacques+P.++(1997)+Relative+importance+of+initial+individual+differences%2C+victory+and+defeat+experiences%2C+and+assessment+accuracy+during+hierarchy+formation%3A+A+simulation+study.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1965%2F