?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adc&rft.title=A+test+of+conditioned+blocking+and+its+development+in+childhood+and+adolescence%3A+relationship+to+personality+and+monoamine+metabolism&rft.creator=OADES%2C+R.+D.&rft.creator=ROEPCKE%2C+B.&rft.creator=SCHEPKER%2C+R.&rft.subject=Developmental+Psychology&rft.subject=Neurochemistry&rft.description=Introduction%3A+%0AConditioned+blocking+(CB)+is+the+undermining+of+conditioning+to+a+stimulus+by+conjoint+exposure+to+a+stimulus+already+associated+with+the+unconditioned+stimulus.+CB+is+one+of+several+tests+of+%22learned+inattention%22+in+which+performance+has+been+found+to+depend+on+certain+features+of+personality+and+on+monoamine+activity+recorded+in+animals+performing+CB.+%0A%0AMethods%3A+%0AIn+part+1%2C+the+performance+of+25+healthy+young+adults+(mean+age+21.6+years)+on+a+new+test+form+for+demonstrating+CB+is+described+(%22mouse-in-house%22).+The+personality+inventories+used+included+the+Hamburger+neuroticism%2Fextroversion+scale+(HANES)+and+the+short+version+of+the+Minnesota+multiphasic+personality+inventory+(MMPI).+From+24h+urine+samples+collected+at+the+time+of+testing+the+levels+of+four+monoamine+and+three+of+their+metabolites+were+measured+as+an+indicator+of+the+overall+level+of+neurotransmitter+activity.+In+part+2%2C+the+development+of+CB+was+studied+across+children+and+adolescents+clustered+into+4+age+groups+(means+10%2C+14%2C+17+and+22+years+of+age).+%0A%0AResults%3A+%0APart+1+demonstrated+CB+in+normal+healthy+young+adults+and+the+expression+of+CB+correlated+with+extroversion+and+increased+catecholamine+utilisation+(turnover).%0APart+2+showed+CB+was+least+marked+prepubertally%2C+but+developed+across+adolescence+independent+of+IQ.+Although+performance+did+not+correlate+with+developing+personality+features%2C+like+the+adults%2C+CB+was+positively+correlated+with+dopamine+activity.+Unlike+adults+CB+was+inversely+correlated+with+noradrenaline+activity.+We+show+the+development+of+increasing+CB+across+the+4+age-groups+and+correlations+with+monoamine+activity%3A+also+we+illustrate+how+the+measures+of+the+3+monoamines%2C+their+metabolites+and+their+activity+(turnover)+develops+across+age-groups%2C+with+a+separate+pattern+for+each+transmitter.+%0A%0AConclusions%3A+%0AThe+maturation+of+attention+related+information+processing+was+discussed+in+terms+of+the+development+and+maturation+of+structures+in+the+limbic+part+of+the+central+nervous+system+and%2C+in+particular%2C+the+separate+function+of+dopamine+in+switching+between+and+noradrenaline+in+tuning+in%2Fout+stimulus+features+during+selection+processes.+%0A%0A&rft.publisher=Lawrence+Erlbaum+Associates&rft.date=1996&rft.type=Journal+(Paginated)&rft.type=PeerReviewed&rft.format=application%2Fpdf&rft.identifier=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1165%2F2%2Fdev.neuropsych96.pdf&rft.identifier=++OADES%2C+R.+D.+and+ROEPCKE%2C+B.+and+SCHEPKER%2C+R.++(1996)+A+test+of+conditioned+blocking+and+its+development+in+childhood+and+adolescence%3A+relationship+to+personality+and+monoamine+metabolism.++%5BJournal+(Paginated)%5D+++++&rft.relation=http%3A%2F%2Fcogprints.org%2F1165%2F